ACCORDING TO FAHR al-DIN al-RAZI, THE ISSUE OF GOD'S EXISTENCE AND ESSENCE

Although the first versions of the existence-essence distinction are based on Plato and Aristotle, it can be said that the distinction has become a philosophical "issue" in Farabi and Avicenna. Because in the thoughts of these two philosophers, the issue of existence-essence distinction has a very important place in metaphysical studies of existence and is based on two basic questions: Is there something and what is this thing that exists? The first question is more about the reality of things in the outside world and aims to present those things in a concrete way; "What exists?" The second question, expressed as the following, deals with what the questioned thing is. Therefore, the second question is a question of essence. It is possible to see the existence-essence issue in Mutezile theology through different terms. Avicenna, on the other hand, systematized this problem and made it more evident. The issue of the existence-essence is one of the issues that the theologians who lived after Ibn Sina could not remain indifferent and discussed in detail. The issue of distinction of existence-essence has been accepted by almost all philosophers. However, according to Aristotle and Ibn Rushd, this distinction is only logical. According to Farabi and Avicenna, this distinction is both logical and ontological.