Urea 15N balance in the fractions of a Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture under recovery with different liming dates

In order to evaluate the use of urea nitrogen, the balance of nitrogen (N-15) in Brachiaria brizantha pastures was obtained when urea was applied either incorporated or in the soil surface (in four applications beginning in November of 1998) and the lime was applied in two periods (March and August of 1998). The recovery and retention of the N-urea were obtained for each plant structure of the soil-pasture system, and indicated that the plant crown is a very important storage organ for the N applied via Urea. Liming in March favored forage mass production and improved the efficiency of N use when urea was incorporated. The incorporation of urea improved both, the recovery and retention of nitrogen in most Brachiaria structures. Difference in N recovery between the best (lime application in March with urea incorporated) and the worst treatment (liming in March with urea-N on the soil-surface) was around 50 kg N.ha(-1) after one year.