Numerical Simulation of Steady Flow and Forced Convection Heat Transfer from Two Offset Square Cylinders Placed in a Channel

Flow over two isothermal offset square cylinders in a channel is simulated for various offset distance (OD) and Reynolds number (Re). The distance between the cylinders in normal direction and the blockage ratio are fixed. Simulation is carried out for Re that varies from 1 to 40, and OD that varies from 1 to 10 for a fixed Prandtl number equals to 0.71. The hydrodynamic results and forced convection heat transfer are more pronounced for variation in Re and OD. Flow separation begins when Re is >5 from the rear wall of the cylinders. The onset of vortex shedding is found when Re is greater than 45 for OD upto 10. The average skin friction coefficient is reported to reveal the role of Re and OD. The top wall Nusselt number shows higher than remaining walls. The downstream offset cylinder is more pronounced for Re and OD, and it shows a nonlinear trend for average Nusselt number.