Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance among ART-naive HIV-infected individuals, Beijing, 2015-2018

Objectives: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is a critical ongoing public health challenge in HIV/AIDS therapy. We explore the prevalence of TDR, its patterns, its associated risk factors, and predicted drug sensitivity in Beijing between 2015 and 2018. Methods: Retrospective data on TDR from 3265 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive patients were collected at Beijing Ditan Hospital from 1 August 2014 to 31 July 2018. TDR was defined according to the Stanford Drug Resistance Mutations Database. TDR prevalence, pattern, risk factors, and predicted drug sensitivity were analysed. Results: The overall prevalence of HIV-1 TDR was 6.68% (218 of 3265), including 0.77%, 3.64%, and 2.36% resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-NRTIs (NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors, respectively. The thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) M41L/LM (4, 0.12%) and non-TAMs mutations M184V/MV/MI (8; 0.24%) were the primary NRTI-associated resistance mutations. K103N/KN (NNRTI associated) and M46L/I/IMV/IM/ML (protease inhibitor associated) were the other major resistance mutations. Patients 40-59 years old who had the CRF08_BC subtype were identified as having higher risk for drug resistance mutation. Conclusions: The prevalence of TDR among ART-naive individuals with HIV-1 in Beijing was at a moderate level. Long-time and continuous surveillance of HIV TDR is necessary step in the therapy of ART-naive patients. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )