Synthesis of guar gum-based hydrogel for sugarcane field solid conditioning

The water crisis is increased everywhere in recent years, which has affected the water demand in different sectors like industries, agriculture, residential, etc. The present research aims to the development of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) using bio-material. The hydrogel is synthesized by grafting Guar gum (GG) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) and crosslinking with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The developed GG-based hydrogelwas characterized by various analytical instruments. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) demonstrated hydrogels havepores of size 50 mu m-10 mu m. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis has shownthat thematerial consists of spherical shapesand particles of size 141.11nm-182.19 nm.The Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) study have confirmedthepresence of functional groups of material, and thermal resistivity. The absorption capacity of developed hydrogelwas found to be 110 ml per gram (110% of its dry weight). The hydrogelwasapplied in the field of sugarcane crop and measured soil moisture content after 20 days of application. A better resultwas found of moisture content in the area of hydrogel application (28%) compared to the area without hydrogel application (10%). Moreover, the comparison of different hydrogels is also shown in a study, and the developed hydrogel proves good moisture retention capacity. This technology could be promising in terms of improving perennial crop productivity and combating moisture stress in agriculture. As a soil conditioning material for agricultural applications, the synthesized hydrogel showed tremendous potential.