The concept of sustainably reusing food waste to produce value-added byproducts, such as biodiesel, was studied. Food waste is an organic-rich source of lipids. An optimization study of the extraction of oil from food waste using a solvent for biodiesel production was undertaken. A biochar catalyst derived from citron (Citrus medica) peel containing a rich carbon source. A biodiesel yield of 96.3% was obtained under the optimized reaction conditions of a 1:10 oil to methanol molar ratio, 4 w% catalyst loading, reaction temperature of 55 degrees C, and a reaction time of 52 min. The conditions were optimized by response surface methodology with a central composite design. The biochar catalyst maintained a significant biodiesel yield for four cycles. This technoeconomic analysis found that the annual plant revenue was $24,140,000 for a project lifetime of 20 years, the payback time was 3.16 years, the internal rate of return after tax was 39.92%, and the net present value at 10.0% interest was $55,017,000. A minimum biodiesel selling price of 0.46 $/kg was used, and the environmental sustainability of the produced biodiesel was assessed by a life cycle assessment. The impact of global warming potential on the FW-based biodiesel scenario was -3.967 kg CO2 equivalent.
机构:
SIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, IndiaSIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, India
Saravanan, A.
Karishma, S.
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SIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, IndiaSIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, India
Karishma, S.
Kumar, P. Senthil
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Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar Coll Engn, Dept Chem Engn, Chennai 603110, India
Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar Coll Engn, Ctr Excellence Water Res CEWAR, Chennai 603110, IndiaSIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, India
Kumar, P. Senthil
Jayasree, R.
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Rajalakshmi Coll Engn, Dept Biotechnol, Chennai 602105, IndiaSIMATS, Inst Biotechnol, Saveetha Sch Engn, Dept Sustainable Engn, Chennai 602105, India
机构:
Prince Songkla Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Specialized Engn, Energy Technol Program, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
Prince Songkla Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Biomass Convers Energy & Chem Bio MEC Res Unit, Pattani 94000, ThailandPrince Songkla Univ, Fac Engn, Dept Specialized Engn, Energy Technol Program, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand