Technique in miniaturization and bandwidth expansion of printed monopole antenna for WLAN and UWB applications

A novel miniaturized printed monopole is presented for ultra-wideband and multiple wireless services. The proposed antenna is compatible with many wireless standards, including Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz), Bluetooth (v1.0-v4.0), WiMAX (similar to 2.5-5.5 GHz), Bluetooth 4.0 or Wireless USB (3.1-10.6 GHz), close range radar and satellite communication in the X band (similar to 8-12 GHz), and Ku band (similar to 12-14 GHz) applications. The proposed design is approximately 0.26. in length with respect to the lowest frequency boundary at 2.36 GHz. The structure consists of two main parts, which are the nonlinear stepping grounded coplanar waveguide and the serial stepping monopoles. Miniaturization is achieved without any discrete component. It displays a fractional bandwidth of 6.2:1. The radiation patterns are reasonably omnidirectional for a small antenna with the gain ranges from 1 to 4 dBi across the impedance bandwidth.