Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease and Lipoprotein Lipase Gene Polymorphism in Bengali Population by PCR based RFLP Analysis- A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death in most countries as well as developing countries like India and incidence of susceptibility to CAD is associated with increased frequencies of particular Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) located in Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) gene. Aim: To evaluate the association of LPL gene polymorphisms variation namely LPL-Hindlll, LPL-Pvull and LPL-Ser447Ter with CAD in Bengali population by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Materials and Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted at R G Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from April 2016 to October 2016. The study included 100 patients suffering from CAD and 100 controls from healthy populations were taken and Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) extraction followed by genotyping was done by PCR based RFLP study. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for genotypic frequencies were analysed followed by goodness-of-fit Chisquare (chi(2)) test to check the equilibrium of the SNP alleles. Results: Total 100 patients, 57 males and 43 females with mean age 61.42 +/- 9.34 years suffering from CAD were cases and 100 patients were controls, 61 males and 39 females with mean age 49.37 +/- 10.21 years. It was found that genotypic frequencies for Hindlll, Pvull and Mnll polymorphism of LPL gene were not deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg expectations in both control and cases groups. We could not find any significant association of the Hindlll, Pvull and Ser447Ter polymorphisms of the LPL gene with occurrence of CAD in target population after appropriate data analysis using SPSS and MedCalc software. Conclusion: Association and prediction of susceptibility patterns in ethnic population may require a prospective study involving higher number of cases which subsequently leads to possible pharmacogenomic utility on a broader perspective. Although authors did not get any statistically significant association between CAD and the genes of interest but these findings would lead to a better understanding of the condition and open up more avenues for study, treatment and prevention of CAD.