Bone mineral density and its correlation with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with hyperthyroidism

Objective This study aimed to determine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with hyperthyroidism after undergoing treatment. Methods A total of 120 patients with hyperthyroidism were selected as participants. Methimazole tablets were provided to all of the participants, with an initial dose of 20 mg/day and a maintenance dose of 2.5 mg/day for 1 year. Blood calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and thyroid hormone levels were assayed using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Levels of 25(OH)D and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results Serum phosphorus, PTH, and 25(OH)D levels in patients with hyperthyroidism were significantly higher, and bone ALP and 24-hour urinary calcium levels were significantly lower after treatment compared with before treatment. BMD in patients with hyperthyroidism was significantly improved after treatment. In logistic regression analysis of BMD-related risk factors, bone ALP, PTH, and 25(OH)D levels were risk factors of BMD. Conclusion Treatment for hyperthyroidism should be supplemented with vitamin D and calcium, which have important clinical significance for adjusting bone metabolism and delaying the process of osteoporosis.