A novel approach to prepare tetragonal BaTiO3 nanopowders

BaTiO3 nanopowders were attempted to synthesize by using a novel straight-forward, solvent free reactions under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET) approach. The as-prepared BaTiO3 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM, and convergent-beam electron diffraction. It was found that Ba(OH)(2)center dot 8H(2)O and Ti(OBu)(4) could be appropriate starting materials to synthesize BaTiO3 at 973 K for 2 h by using RAPET approach. Pure tetragonal BaTiO3 nanopowders could be obtained by exceeding moderate amount of Ba(OH)(2)center dot 8H(2)O in the starting materials. The obtained BaTiO3 nanoparticles had well dispersion and crystallinity, possessed a tetragonal perovskite structure at room temperature and relatively narrow particle size distribution. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.