Analysis of GPS satellite clock prediction performance with different update intervals and application to real-time PPP

The GPS satellite clock offset prediction is investigated and applied to a real-time PPP system. First, the current situation of GPS satellite clock is introduced and analysed with respect to their stability. Then the satellite clock prediction with different update intervals is presented, in which the satellite clock day boundary jump is addressed. Afterwards, the investigation of the satellite clock prediction model for GPS satellite IIF clocks is carried out and the effects of periodic terms are discussed. After that, the verification of the satellite clock offset prediction will be carried out both in the time and positioning domain. Positioning accuracy at 0.021, 0.049, and 0.017 m in the east, north, and vertical directions can be obtained for 6-h static positioning using the predicted clock offset updating every hour, while the 3D RMS for kinematic real-time PPP is 0.360 m, with 28% improvement over that utilising the IGU predicted products.