Primary cutaneous lymphomas have a distinct clinical behavior and prognosis, and therefore require a different therapeutic approach, as compared with their primary nodal equivalents. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) classification for primary cutaneous lymphomas recognizes a limited number of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and cutaneous B-cell lymphomas and is at present the best guide to optimal management and treatment of these conditions. Herein, the relationship between the EORTC classification and the recently published World Health Organization classification is discussed, and recent developments regarding the main types of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas and cutaneous B-cell lymphomas recognized in the EORTC classification are presented. Curr Opin Oncol 2000, 12:419-425 (C) 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Inc.