Recent Progress on Processing Technologies, Chemical Components, and Bioactivities of Chinese Red Ginseng, American Red Ginseng, and Korean Red Ginseng

Red ginseng (RG) is mainly divided into Chinese red ginseng (CRG), American red ginseng (ARG), and Korean red ginseng (KRG). The three red ginsengs exhibit good bioactivities because of rich rare ginsenosides than ginseng. Additionally, there are obvious distinctions from the chemical composition and content of CRG, ARG, and KRG, thereby leading to differences in various application, together with a wide range of red ginseng products on the market with uneven quality. Therefore, people can't distinguish high-quality red ginseng well at the time of purchase. Just currently, there have been no systematic reports on processing technologies, chemical compositions, and bioactivities among the three red ginsengs. Accordingly, a comprehensive description of CRG, ARG, and KRG is necessarily performed to show their similarities and differences. In particular, the processing technologies of the three red ginsengs are summarized and compared in detail, which provides appropriate reference for the technical improvement of processing red ginseng in the future. More importantly, it is helpful for people to understand the similarities and differences from the three red ginsengs better to buy genuine red ginseng products they want.