Association of RETN gene polymorphism at+299 G>A with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis

Introduction Resistin (RETN) protein plays an important role in the regulation of energy, glucose, and lipid homeostasis and maintenance of fasting blood glucose level by modulating hepatic insulin action. Though RETN gene polymorphism at single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3745367 (+299 G>A) and SNP rs3745368 (+62G>A) has been indicated to be relevant to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), results are contradictory due to incomplete and inconsistent studies. Material and methods Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between RETN gene polymorphism at SNP rs3745367 and rs3745368 with risk of T2D. A present study included 5276 subjects for polymorphism for SNP rs3745367 and 3617 subjects for SNP rs3745368 reported in 16 different studies available at Pubmed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar from January 2001 to May 2018. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed as per international norms. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot. The Review Manager 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. Polymorphism was evaluated using the odds ratio (OR) corresponding to 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity among the studies was calculated using Q test. I-2 was calculated to assess the variation caused by heterogeneity. Association of RETN polymorphism and T2D was analyzed using three genetic models viz. allelic, recessive, and dominant. Results and Conclusion Significant association was observed between RETN gene polymorphism at SNP rs3745367 and T2D. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 1.45 (95% CI 1.10-1.92) with a p value of 0.009 under an allelic genetic model, whereas no significant association was found between RETN gene polymorphism at SNP rs3745368 and T2D. The pooled OR was 1.10 (95% CI, 0.66-1.83) with a p value of 0.71 under an allelic genetic model.