A new method for extending solutions to the self-similar relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations for black hole outflows

被引:21
|
作者
Ceccobello, C. [1 ]
Cavecchi, Y. [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Heemskerk, M. H. M. [1 ]
Markoff, S. [1 ]
Polko, P. [5 ]
Meier, D. [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst Sterrekunde, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands
[2] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[3] Univ Southampton, Math Sci, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
[4] Univ Southampton, STAG Res Ctr, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England
[5] Univ Maryland, Joint Space Sci Inst, Dept Phys, 3114 Phys Sci Complex, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[6] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
关键词
black hole physics; MHD stars: jets; methods: numerical; galaxies: jets; MAGNETICALLY DRIVEN JETS; LINKING ACCRETION FLOW; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; M87; JET; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SYNCHROTRON EMISSION; XTE J1118+480; CYGNUS X-1; ASTROPHYSICAL OUTFLOWS; SPECTRAL STATE;
D O I
10.1093/mnras/stx2567
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
The paradigm in which magnetic fields play a crucial role in launching/collimating outflows in many astrophysical objects continues to gain support. However, semi-analytical models including the effect of magnetic fields on the dynamics and morphology of jets are still missing due to the intrinsic difficulties in integrating the equations describing a collimated, relativistic flow in the presence of gravity. Only few solutions have been found so far, due to the highly non-linear character of the equations together with the need to blindly search for singularities. These numerical problems prevented a full exploration of the parameter space. We present a new integration scheme to solve r-self-similar, stationary, axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations describing collimated, relativistic outflows crossing smoothly all the singular points (Alfven point and modified slow/fast points). For the first time, we are able to integrate from the disc mid-plane to downstream of the modified fast point. We discuss an ensemble of jet solutions, emphasizing trends and features that can be compared to observables. We present, for the first time with a semi-analytical MHD model, solutions showing counter-rotation of the jet for a substantial fraction of its extent. We find diverse jet configurations with bulk Lorentz factors up to 10 and potential sites for recollimation between 10(3) and 10(7) gravitational radii. Such extended coverage of the intervals of quantities, such as magnetic-to-thermal energy ratios at the base or the heights/widths of the recollimation region, makes our solutions suitable for application to many different systems where jets are launched.
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页码:4417 / 4435
页数:19
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