A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacology and Toxicology of Bioactive Compounds of Lagerstroemia Speciosa(L.) Pers.

Background: Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers is one of the most valuable plants due to its ornamental and pharmacological relevance. It is known for its anti-diabetic activity with proved potent blood sugar-lowering activity. The anti-diabetic activity is due to the presence of its biologically active component, corosolic acid. Moreover, L.speciosa and its novel purified compounds are also well-known for their several biological activities with beneficial health benefit on the human being. Objectives: This review provides a summary of pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and pharmacological properties of L.speciosa and its purified phytochemicals, which may help researchers for building up new research works in the near future. Methods: The current article is prepared by collecting data through various online and offline databases. The preliminary source of study and data collection for outlining the review was research articles and reviews that have been already published by many reputed publishers, including Springer, Elsevier, Taylor & Francis imprints, BMC, Willy, The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Environmental health prospective (EHP), and PLOS One. Result: The available studies' results suggested that the L.speciosa and its phytochemicals exhibitedantidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-obesity, and cardio-protective activities. Pharmacokinetic studies suggested the low bioavailability of its purified compounds. However, nano-encapsulation can improve the bioavailability related issue and effectively potentiate the medicinal properties of its constituents. Conclusion: Considering the worthy pharmacological properties, L.speciosa is considered a potent source of several novel drugs. Though, still preclinical and clinical studies are needed to reveal the targets, molecular mechanisms, bioavailability, and toxicity of its constituents.