Determination of the effective traits on essence percent and dry flower yield in German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) populations

Determination of the best indirect selection criteria for genetic improvement of essence percent and dry flower yield of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) populations was investigated using some morphological and phonological characteristics. Randomized complete block design was used. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among chamomile populations for all the traits. This indicates genetic diversity for all the traits. Correlation coefficients analysis revealed positive and significant relation of majority of the traits with dry flower yield as well as some traits with essence percent. Path analysis indicated high genetic efficiency of indirect selection through days to 50% flowering; No. of flower plant(-1), fresh flower yield plant(-1) and days to budding for genetic improvement of dry flower yield. The traits 50% flowering and; No. of flower plant(-1) also were introduced as the best indirect selection criteria for improvement of essence percent in German chamomile populations based on results given by path analysis.