Review of Cardiovascular Effects of ADHD Medications

The prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among adults is approximately 4.4%, and more than 1.5 million Americans are prescribed stimulants for the treatment of ADHD. Stimulants (such as methylphenidate and amphetamine compounds), along with the nonstimulant atomoxetine, are widely prescribed for ADHD, and more Americans are continuing to use these medications throughout their adult lives. Given the action of these drugs on the cardiovascular system, health care professionals have asked whether chronic use of these substances substantively increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). A comprehensive body of research suggests that this may not be the case. All adult patients should be monitored for changes in blood pressure and pulse during treatment with ADHD medications; furthermore, people at risk for CVD or with existing CVD should be evaluated at baseline in conjunction with appropriate medical personnel, and ongoing treatment should be collaborative with such medical colleagues.