Secondary Metabolites of Micromycetes in Plants of the Family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)

Indirect competitive enzyme immunoassay was used to detect the occurrence of 16 mycotoxins in wild herbaceous plants of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family typical for biocenoses of Central Russia. Alternariol, cyclopiazonic acid, and the total of ergot alkaloids were detected with a frequency of 52-100% in all species studied, representing 13 genera. The rest of the substances analyzed (i.e., fusariotoxins and metabolites peculiar to micromycetes of other taxa, including ochratoxin A, citrinin, sterigmatocystin, aflatoxin B-1, mycophenolic acid, emodin, PR toxin, and roridin A) were either absent or detected less frequently in quantities close to the detection limit of the method. In a number of plants, T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, diacetoxyscirpenol, and other minor components were detected more frequently. Patterns determining the distribution of mycotoxins in vegetative and generative organs of the bird rape (Brassica campestris L.), winter cress (Barbarea arcuata (Opiz ex J. et C. Presl) Reichenb.), and hill mustard (Bunias orientalis L.) have been identified; however, no clearly manifested seasonal dynamics of mycotoxin accumulation was noted for these plants.