Spirosoma litoris sp nov., a bacterium isolated from beach soil

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated 15J16-2T3A(T), was isolated from beach soil on Jeju Island, South Korea. Strain 15J16-2T3A(T) grew at 10-37 degrees C (optimum growth at 25 degrees C) and pH 6.5-8.5 (optimum growth at pH 7). Based on 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis, the novel strain was closely related to members of the genus Spirosoma (94.8-89.9% similarities) and formed a separate branch within the genus together with Spirosoma luteolum 16F6E(T) in neighbour-joining, maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 15J16-2T3A(T) was 47.6 mol%. The detection of menaquinone MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone, a fatty acid profile with summed feature 3 (C-16 : (1)omega 7c/C-16 : (1)omega 6c; 35.5 %), C-16 : (1)omega 5c (26.6 %), and iso C-15 : 0 (10.1 %) as the major components, phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified aminophospholipid as the major polar lipids also support the affiliation of strain 15J16-2T3A(T) with the genus Spirosoma. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 15J16-2T3A(T) from members the genus Spirosoma. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain 15J16-2T3A T represents a novel species of the genus Spirosoma, for which the name Spirosoma litoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 15J16-2T3A(T) (= KCTC 52029(T) = JCM 31999(T)).