Analyzing the spatial-temporal evolution of a gateway's hinterland: A case study of Shanghai, China

This paper analyzes the spatial-temporal evolution of the attractiveness of a country's gateway for its international trade, using Shanghai as an example. The attractiveness is regressed on the transportation facilities and geographical conditions. Seaport development is found to have a major positive impact, followed by inland waterway, highway, and airport development. These positive impacts decrease with the need for highway haulage and with the distance from Shanghai showing an inverse U-shape distribution. Rail appears to have a U-shape distribution, implying a low application of multimodal transportation. A geographical pattern for the impacts of different transportation modes is delineated. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.