Monitoring Improvement on Reactive, Proactive and Hybrid Protocols of Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) base their performance on the routing protocol, which is in charge of managing information and making the network as resilient as possible. This work is based on performance metrics comparisons of three types of protocols (reactive, proactive and hybrid). In order to analyze wireless networks behavior and energy performance, simulations and real scenarios are ran on a university campus in Guadalajara, Mexico. The environment recreates the necessary conditions to evaluate and extrapolate the characteristics of a Smart Campus. With the implemented methodology, we can understand which performance metrics are impacting directly in a greater or lesser extent on three examples of well-known routing protocols. It is concluded that the hybrid protocol has 10% better performance than the others because it has the appropriate complexity and design to manage the packets under parameters such as: route validity and response time, overhead, packet re-transmissions, complexity, delay, resilience and energy. The simulation tool has an accuracy of 93 %, similar to the results thrown in a real environment where sensors are dispersed in 300 square meters of the campus.