Interpretive framework by analysing the enablers for implementation of Industry 4.0: an ISM approach

Today, industries are compelled to manufacture the products of excellent quality to meet the ever-increasing consumer demands competitively. Hence, implementing Industry 4.0 is becoming essentially the new age solution for industrial operations. This study attempts to categorise the important technological enablers for the Indian manufacturing industry in implementing Industry 4.0. In this context, 14 selected and identified enablers, namely Visual Computing, Big Data, Product Life Cycle Management, Supply Chain, Top Level Management, Collaborative Productivity, Internet of Things, Horizontal and Vertical Integration, Mass Customisation, Cyber-Physical System, Additive Manufacturing, Professional Training and Development, Networked Manufacturing Systems and Operational Efficiency, are identified through the review of literature and expert's opinion for implementing Industry 4.0. Interpretive structural modelling (ISM) methodology is employed to appreciate the mutual relationships among the identified enablers. Furthermore, contextual interactions among the enablers are established by brainstorming with experts. The identified 14 technological enablers are further classified as dependent and driving factors. Later, the validation of the factors is done by MICMAC analysis. The interactions amongst these enablers will help the manufacturing organisations to prioritise and administer these factors efficiently and effectively to reap benefits during the implementation of Industry 4.0. Therefore, this study analyses the enablers to implement Industry 4.0 in the manufacturing industries. Also, it develops an interpretive framework that will help understand the interdependence of the enablers.