Influence of Chemotherapy on Allergen-Specific IgE

Background: Atopy is defined as excess allergen-specific IgE (A-IgE). IgE is produced by plasma cells that differentiate from allergen-specific B cells. B cells are known to be killed by chemotherapy; however, it is not known whether A-IgEsecreting plasma cells are killed or inhibited by chemotherapy. If yes, serum A-IgE levels would be expected to decrease after chemotherapy. Objectives: We aimed to determine whether A-IgE levels in atopic individuals (serum A-IgE >= 0.35 kU(A)/L) decrease into the nonatopic range (<0.35 kU(A)/L) after chemotherapy. Methods: In 105 patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute leukemia, we measured serum A-IgE before and after chemotherapy. In a subset of these patients, we also measured B cell counts before and after chemotherapy. Results: Of the 105 patients, 36 were atopic. In these patients, median A-IgE level before chemotherapy was 1.6 kU(A)/L whereas the median level after chemotherapy was 0.6 kU(A)/L (p < 0.001). In 12/36 (33%) patients, A-IgE levels decreased into the nonatopic range. In nonatopic patients (n = 69), the median A-IgE level also dropped: from 0.04 kU(A)/L before to 0.03 kU(A)/L after chemotherapy (p = 0.001). Among the total patients (n = 105), the median pre:post-chemotherapy A-IgE ratio was 1.8 (2.6 in atopic and 1.5 in nonatopic patients). In contrast, the median ratio of pre:post-chemotherapy B cell counts was 87.6. Conclusions: A-IgE levels decrease after chemotherapy but markedly less than B cell counts. Thus, at least some A-IgE plasma cells appear to survive chemotherapy. (C) 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel