High-yield and high-angular-fluence neutron generation from deuterons accelerated by laser-driven collisionless shock

A bright collimated neutron source is an essential tool for global security missions and fundamental scientific research. In this paper, we study a compact high-yield and high-angular-fluence neutron source particularly suitable for high-energy neutron applications utilizing the breakup reaction of laser-driven deuterons in a Be-9 converter. The neutron generation scaling from such a reaction is used to guide the choice and optimization of the acceleration process for bulk ions in a low density CD2 foam. In particular, the collisionless shock acceleration mechanism is exploited with proper choice in the laser and target parameter space to accelerate these ions toward energies above the temperature of the distribution. Particle-in-cell and Monte Carlo simulations are coupled here to investigate this concept and possible adverse effects as well as the contribution from the surface ions accelerated and the optimal converter design. The simulation results indicated that our design can be a practical approach to increase both the neutron yield and angular fluence of laser-driven neutron sources, reaching > 10(11) neutron/pulse (or > 10(8) neutron/J) and > 10(11) neutron/sr (or > 10(8) neutron/sr/J) with present-day kJ-class high-power lasers. Such developments will advance fundamental neutron science, high precision radiography, and other global security applications with laser-driven sources.