APPLICATION OF MANNICH BASES AS ADDITIVES TO FUELS AND OILS

This article discusses the use of Mannich bases as additives to fuels and oils. The types of additives, methods of obtaining Mannich bases, as well as the main directions of their application in the composition of fuels and oils are shown. Mannich bases are products of the aminomethylation reaction, which is, as a rule, a three-component condensation with the participation of aldehydes, amines, and functionally substituted components based on ketones, alcohols, or aldehydes. The products of the aminomethylation reaction are widely used in various fields; they are used as bactericidal and physiologically active substances, antioxidants, and additives to fuels and oils. It is shown that additives are classified into the following types according to their purpose: viscous, antiwear, extreme pressure, anti-smoke, antioxidative, anti-corrosion, dispersion, detergents, and others. In this regard, the presented article includes a structuring by types of additives and the use of Mannich bases as the corresponding type of additives. The results of scientific research in the field of application of the condensation products of the Mannich reaction, as well as the effectiveness of the proposed additives are shown. In addition, the article shows the results of the author's own research, in particular, Mannich's sulfur-containing bases. It is noted that the synthesized new representatives of 2-aminomethoxy derivatives of 1-aryl(alkyl) thioalkanes obtained on the basis of a three-component aminomethylation reaction with the participation of 1-aryl(alkyl)thioalkane-2-ols, secondary amines and formaldehyde were tested as antimicrobial additives to fuels and oils, as well as antiseptics against bacteria and fungi. The obtained satisfactory results allow us to recommend the synthesized sulfur-containing Mannich bases as antiseptic and antibacterial additives to fuels and oils