Intra-household food distribution patterns and calorie inadequacy in South-Western Nigeria

Unequal distribution of food within household is one major factor that promotes the lingering under-nourishment among household members in Nigeria. Consequently, the study examines the relative food calorie distribution pattern and food calorie adequacy level among members of households in South-Western Nigeria. Using a multistage sampling techniques, data was collected from 80 households (comprising of 321 members) through a well structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using nutrient estimation, calorie adequacy indices, t-test and Ordinary Least Square Regression. Household appears to be nutritionally adequate but some members were under-nourished. The male and female school-age children were the most severely affected and would require additional 13.1% and 17.5% of their respective dietary (calorie) reference values. Adult male members are most favoured in terms of food calorie allocation relative to other members. Household income, gender cum age of household members and household farm production status, among others, are factors that would significantly influence relative distribution of food calorie. Encouragement of the school-age meal subsidy programme, and development of strategies that would enhance agricultural production and efforts to raise the income or income generating potentials of households members are recommended to enhance equitable food distribution and improve nutritional status of the household members.