Bioreactor scale-up and design on the basis of physiologically relevant parameters: application to the production of lipase by Yarrowia lipolytica

Bioreactor scale-up and design on the basis of physiologically relevant parameters: application to the production of lipase by Yarrowia lipolytica. Bioreactor scale-up often poses a serious issue during the industrial development of a bioprocess considering the numerous physical and biological phenomena occurring in the reacting volume. The basic principles of scale-up coming from the traditional chemical and process engineering approaches will be first reviewed and will be then compared to a new one involving recent development at the level of microbial strain manipulation. This "physiological" approach of scale-up involves directly a biological component of the system (by comparison with the traditional approach for scaling-up involving physical parameters indirectly linked to the physiological phenomena occurring in the bioreactor), i.e. the synthesis of a reporter fluorescent protein when microbial cells are exposed to stress. It will be shown how this principle can be used for a better understanding of the relationship between bioreactor hydrodynamics and microbial stress.