Modulation of physical understanding by common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

被引:10
|
作者
Yamazaki, Yumiko [1 ,2 ]
Iriki, Atsushi [2 ]
Watanabe, Shigeru [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Keio Univ, Grad Sch Sociol, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1080073, Japan
[2] RIKEN Brain Sci Inst, Lab Symbol Cognit Dev, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan
[3] Keio Univ, Fac Letters, Dept Psychol, Minato Ku, Tokyo 1088345, Japan
关键词
Common marmoset; Contact; Physical causality; Physical support; Problem solving; CHIMPANZEES PAN-TROGLODYTES; MEANS-END BEHAVIOR; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; SAGUINUS-OEDIPUS; TOOL USE; INFANTS; SUPPORT; MONKEYS; WORLD; EXPERIENCE;
D O I
10.1007/s10071-010-0351-8
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
The understanding of physical causality in common marmosets was tested using support problems in which a pair of sheets was presented to determine whether subjects would choose the sheet that had a food item on it (i.e., the sheet was supporting the food item). In two experiments, the conditions were manipulated in terms of the length of the sheet, the distance between the sheet and the food item, the presence of a gap separating the two sheets, and the size of the food item. In Experiment 1, the marmosets had difficulty rejecting an irretrievable food item when it was located closer to them than a retrievable item. Although their performance was strongly affected by the size of the irretrievable food item, they quickly learned to reject that alternative. In contrast, no improvement was found when one sheet was divided into two pieces such that the food item could not be retrieved when its near side was pulled. A similar response tendency was observed in Experiment 2, in which the effects of the large food item were examined in three different conditions. Thus, common marmosets were influenced by the perceptual features of the food in solving the support problems, as are other non-human primates. In addition, they consistently failed to appreciate the presence of a gap and, therefore, failed to reject the distracter alternative. However, all animals rapidly learned that the size of the food item was an irrelevant variable, and some showed an elementary conceptual understanding of support. These findings suggest that marmosets' physical understanding may improve with experience.
引用
收藏
页码:175 / 186
页数:12
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