Evaluation of the resource utilization efficiency of university libraries using DEA techniques and a proposal of alternative evaluation variables

Purpose - This paper seeks to rediscover the most suitable efficiency evaluation variables (input and output variables) for digital libraries and to employ the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the resource utilization efficiency of university libraries. Design/methodology/approach - In order to analyze and evaluate university library efficiency, the paper introduces the DEA-CCR Model and the DEA-BCC Model. Based on these research tools, the Technical Efficiency (CCR *BCC) was determined. First, a reference group was created with a 100 percent efficiency rate, then the factors contributing to inefficient DMUs were analyzed, and the difference in the efficiency rate compared according to the different governing bodies of the libraries. Finally, the difference of efficiency according to the introduction and rejection of electronic resources was analyzed. It was possible to measure the technical efficiency, pure-technical efficiency, and scale efficiency. Findings - The results showed that the efficiency of university libraries varied significantly according to whether or not electronic resources were included in the evaluation. In addition, the findings confirmed decision making units (DMUs) have a 100 percent efficiency rate and a low efficiency rate as well as proposed benchmarking DMUs for inefficient DMUs and a direction for future improvements. Originality/value - The paper identifies that there was a significant difference in efficiency, according to the presence of electronic resources in university libraries.