Adaptive wide area damping controller for damping inter-area oscillations considering high penetration of wind farms

An online and non-model-based wide area damping controller (WADC) is presented in this paper for damping inter-area oscillations in the presence of high penetration of renewable energies. For this propose, based on wide area measurement system (WAMS) technology and evaluating the system dynamic behavior within real-time environment, the oscillating generators against each other are identified from which corresponding global inter-area controlling signals are provided. The proposed WADC is consisting of three different individual parts including (a) Identifying inter-area oscillations, (b) Evaluating inter-area signals, and (c) Estimating controlling signals with respect to reach high damping ratio of inter-area oscillations. In the first part, based on coherency concept and evaluating global signals gathered from WAMS data, the generators coherency factors and expected inter-area oscillations are identified. In the case of evaluating an inter-area oscillation in the second part, the proposed WADC scheme is activated from which the initial damping ratio and candidate generators with high penetration on damping procedure of inter-area oscillation are determined. Finally, in the third part, the proper gain factors are estimated with respect to each inter-area signal form which the individual controlling signals for damping inter-area oscillations are provided. In order to evaluate damping performance, the proposed WADC scheme and corresponding different parts are carried out on modified 39-bus test system considering different operational and topological conditions with the potential of unstable inter-area oscillations. Simulation studies indicate the effectiveness of proposed WADC scheme with high penetration for damping inter-area oscillations.