Dysregulation of Angiogenesis and Inflammatory Genes in Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Contribution to Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a common, chronic, inflammatory disorder in women, characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus cavity. The disease affects similar to 10% of women during their reproductive age. There are some debates on the pathogenesis of endometriosis and its mechanism among scientists; therefore, different hypotheses have been suggested. According to Sampson's theory, a possible mechanism for seeding ectopic endometriotic lesions is a dysregulation of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (eMSCs). In the present study, we evaluated the expression of candidate genes in eMSCs obtained from endometriosis patients and compared them with non-endometriosis female patients. In addition, bioinformatic analysis was conducted to uncover the genes in the list of our co-expression gene network in endometriosis. According to our results, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A, C-X-C-motif chemokine ligand 8, interleukin-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 genes were upregulated in the eMSCs isolated from endometriosis patients. There was no significant difference in the expression of the LaminB1 gene between the endometriosis and non-endometriosis patients. On the other hand, our bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that co-expressed genes were enriched in the cytokine signaling pathway. Our study provides valuable insights into the gene expression dysregulation in eMSCs derived from endometriosis patients and suggests a possible function for co-expressed networks in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. To confirm the results, more investigations are required.