Recent findings suggest that stimulus construal level (high vs. low) is mentally associated with its vertical position (up vs. down). We delve deeper into this association and its meanings, and examine, for the first time, its complementary association, that of stimulus psychological distance (distant vs. close) and its vertical position (up vs. down). In Study 1 and 2 goals of activities were positioned higher than the means of performing them and were perceived as more compatible with a spatially higher viewpoint. In Study 3, self-perceptions were more invariant when items were presented at the top (vs. the bottom) of a visual display. In Study 4, participants positioned imagination-related concepts above reality-related concepts. In Study 5, participants provided more distant time estimates for scenarios presented at the top (vs. the bottom) of a display. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Brock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaBrock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Chen, H. Shawna
Mitchell, Ronald K.
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Texas Tech Univ, Rawls Coll Business Adm, Area Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USABrock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Mitchell, Ronald K.
Brigham, Keith H.
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Texas Tech Univ, Rawls Coll Business Adm, Area Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USABrock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Brigham, Keith H.
Howell, Roy
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Texas Tech Univ, Rawls Coll Business Adm, Area Mkt & Supply Chain Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USABrock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
Howell, Roy
Steinbauer, Robert
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Brock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, CanadaBrock Univ, Goodman Sch Business, Dept Org Behav Human Resource Management Entrepre, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada