Long-Term Outcome Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Glomus Jugulare Tumors: A Single Institution Experience of 20 Years

Glomus jugulare tumors (GJTs) are rare benign tumors, which pose significant treatment challenges due to proximity to critical structures. To evaluate the long-term clinical and radiological outcome in patients undergoing stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for GJTs through retrospective study. Forty-two patients with 43 GJTs were treated using Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS; Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) at our institute from 1997 to 2016. Clinical, imaging, and radiosurgery data were collected from an institutional review board approved database. Most patients were females (n = 35, 83.3%) and median age was 61 yr (range 23-88 yr). Median tumor volume and diameter were 5 cc and 3 cm, respectively, with a median follow-up of 62.3 mo (3.4-218.6 mo). Overall, 20 patients (47.6%) improved clinically and 14 (33.3%) remained unchanged at last follow-up. New onset or worsening of hearing loss was noted in 6 patients (17.2%) after SRS. The median prescription dose to the tumor margin was 15 Gy (12-18 Gy). Median reduction in tumor volume and maximum tumor diameter at last follow-up was 33.3% and 11.54%, respectively. The 5-yr and 10-yr tumor control rates were 87% +/- 6% and 69% +/- 13%, respectively. There was no correlation between maximum or mean dose to the internal acoustic canal and post-GK hearing loss (italic toggle=yes P > .05). SRS is safe and effective in patients with GJTs and results in durable, long-term control. SRS has lower morbidity than that associated with surgical resection, particularly lower cranial nerve dysfunction, and can be a first-line management option in these patients.