Intrauterine administration of platelet-rich plasma improves embryo implantation by increasing the endometrial thickness in women with repeated implantation failure: A single-arm self-controlled trial

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of intrauterine administration of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle in Japanese patients with a thin endometrium. Method A prospective single-arm self-controlled trial was conducted in Japan. PRP administration was performed in 36 of the 39 eligible patients with a thin endometrium (<= 7 mm). Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with estrogen was performed for 2 menstrual cycles, and PRP was administrated on the 10th and 12th days of the second HRT cycle. The endometrial thickness was evaluated on transvaginal ultrasonography by two physicians at every visit, one an attending physician and the other a specialist physician blinded to the date and timing of the sonography. FET was performed during the second HRT cycle after PRP administration. Results After PRP administration, the mean (SD) endometrial thickness on the 14th day was significantly increased by 1.27 mm (P < .001) and 0.72 mm (P = .001) on the basis of the unblinded and blinded measurements, respectively. Of the 36 patients, 32 (88.9%) underwent FET. The clinical pregnancy rate was 15.6%. No adverse events occurred. Conclusions PRP therapy was safe and effective in increasing endometrial thickness improving possibly pregnancy rate.