Optimal Integration of Electric Vehicles and Energy Management of Grid Connected Microgrid

The large penetration of renewable DGs and electric vehicles rises the uncertainties in generation and load as well. This increases the necessity to manage the supply demand scenario in microgrid to gain maximum benefits to the microgrid operator and vehicle owners without compromising technical factors of the supply system and vehicles also. In this paper, a new charging /discharging model of plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in an office microgrid is proposed considering various uncertainties associated with driving distance of PHEVs and renewable generation. The objective is to minimize the total cost of operation of microgrid as well as to reduce the load variance for achieving maximum benefit both for the microgrid operator as well as vehicle owners. To deal with the associated uncertainties montecarlo simulation is used. The problem is formulated and solved using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The proposed model is compared with the existing charging/discharging strategy commonly used in the literature where vehicles are charged during low grid prices and discharged during high grid prices. The proposed charging /discharging model found to be promising as compared to other commonly used existing charging/discharging strategy.