Bridged heterocyclic neonicotinoid analogues: design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity

Bridged heterocycles are very important structural units found in many natural products. They are widely used in the synthesis of bioactive molecules and are, thus, an important class of heterocycles in bioactive molecules discovery. In pursuit of neonicotinoids with bridged heterocycles, novel neonicotinoids with the oxa-aza[3.3.3]propellane structure were designed and synthesized. Evaluation of these compounds as insecticides showed that one had moderate activity against cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora) and brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens).