Characterizing Timing of Postoperative Complications Following Elective Roux-en-Y gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy

Purpose With the growing prevalence of bariatric procedures performed worldwide, it is important to understand the timing of postoperative complications following bariatric surgery and the differences which may exist between procedures. Methods This retrospective study was conducted using the Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) data registry from 2017 to 2018. All patients with primary elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) procedures were included. The primary outcome was to characterize the timing of postoperative complications for RYGB and SG. Results A total of 316,314 patients were identified with 237,066 (74.9%) in the SG cohort and 79,248 (25.1%) in the RYGB cohort. Early complications included myocardial infarction (4.7 +/- 6.4 days), cardiac arrest (6.4 +/- 8.5 days), pneumonia (6.9 +/- 6.9 days), progressive renal insufficiency (8.1 +/- 8.1 days), and acute renal failure (8.2 +/- 7.6 days). Late complications included Clostridioides difficile infection (11.3 +/- 7.8 days), organ space infections (11.7 +/- 7.9 days), deep incisional infections (12.4 +/- 6.6 days), superficial incisional infections (13.2 +/- 6.9 days), and urinary tract infections (14.0 +/- 8.4 days). SG patients were more likely to be diagnosed later than RYGB patients with regard to superficial incisional infections (14.0 +/- 7.4 days vs 12.5 +/- 6.3 days; p = 0.002), organ space infections (12.6 +/- 7.8 days vs 10.8 +/- 7.9 days; p = 0.001), acute renal failure (9.3 +/- 8.1 days vs 6.8 +/- 6.8 days; p = 0.03), and pulmonary embolism (13.7 +/- 7.5 days vs 11.3 +/- 8.0 days; p = 0.003). No significant difference in timing was observed for any other complication by procedures. Conclusion We demonstrate that significant differences in timing exist between complications and that these differences also vary by surgical procedure.