Focused ultrasound surgery. Basics, current status, and new trends

There is an increasing interest in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for thermo ablative tumor therapy.The attractiveness of this method is based on its ability to destroy tumor tissue non invasively while sparing surrounding tissue from outside the body. HIFU induced tissue necroses are sharply circumscribed.Therefore this method was termed focused ultrasound surgery (FUS). The therapeutic potential of FUS is under investigation in several clinical studies. Main objects of these studies are prostate carcinomas, breast kidney and liver tumors.The next innovative step will be the non invasive FUS treatment of brain through the intact skull. Combining FUS with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or diagnostic ultrasound allows accurate and online therapy guiding and monitoring.This article gives an overview of the basics, the latest developments and actual clinical studies in the field of focused ultrasound surgery.