Investigation of Sun Protection Issues via the Active and Passive Building Integration of Active Solar Energy Systems: A Case Study of the Renovation of an Existing Building in Cyprus

The demand for a continuous and extensive use of buildings in contemporary central business districts without proper maintenance has led to an aging building stock. The need for refurbishment and use of these buildings, based on the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) in Cyprus, is a challenge that all real estate asset managers need to face. This paper aims to examine whether specific building integrated active solar systems (BIPV), along with their basic operation can be used as passive shading devices as part of a double shell, as indicated in the case study for the renovation of an existing mixed-use building in Nicosia, Cyprus. The proposed research starts with an analysis of building and site geometry and an investigation into a philosophy of operation through a literature review, along with the presentation of case studies where these active solar systems are integrated on double building shells. Digital energy simulations are performed where the technologies are examined as a passive shading device, as part of the double shell of the renovated building. These simulations aim to analyse whether the system can cover the energy needs of the aforementioned building, whilst providing adequate sun protection. Consequent to the results of the digital simulation, the heating and cooling energy loads - in order to keep the interior of the simulated building within thermal comfort levels - are examined, thus affording the opportunity to compare and contrast the before and after situation. Moreover, the annual primary energy production of the integrated systems is calculated and compared with the building 's annual energy needs. The ultimate aim of this work is to determine the environmental sustainability of these building integration solutions for the refurbishment of existing buildings.