Cardiac Amyloidosis: Diagnostic Tools for a Challenging Disease

被引:0
|
作者
Migliaccio, Marco Giuseppe [1 ]
Iodice, Franco [1 ]
Di Mauro, Marco [1 ]
Iannuzzi, Angela [1 ]
Pacileo, Roberta [1 ]
Caiazza, Martina [1 ]
Esposito, Augusto [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Dept Translat Med Sci, I-80131 Naples, Italy
关键词
cardiac amyloidosis; amyloidosis diagnosis; CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; LIGHT-CHAIN AMYLOIDOSIS; PRIMARY SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; AL AMYLOIDOSIS; INVOLVEMENT; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; STRAIN; CARDIOMYOPATHY; SCINTIGRAPHY;
D O I
10.3390/cardiogenetics11030012
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which amyloid fibrils build up in tissues, leading to organ dysfunction. Cardiac involvement is observed in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) and transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and, when it occurs, the prognosis worsens. Cardiac tissue infiltration can lead to restrictive cardiomyopathy with clinical signs of diastolic heart failure, without reduction of ejection fraction (HFpEF). The aim of multiple and less invasive diagnostic tests is to discern peculiar characteristics and reach the diagnosis without performing an invasive endomyocardial biopsy. These diagnostic tools allow early diagnosis, and they are crucial to best benefit from target therapy. In this review article, we describe the mechanism behind amyloid fibril formation, infiltration of tissues, and consequent clinical signs, focusing on the diagnostic tools and the red flags to obtain a diagnosis.
引用
收藏
页码:111 / 121
页数:11
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