Conversion of Syagrus romanzoffiana into High-Efficiency Biosorbent for dye Removal from Synthetic and Real Textile Effluent

A new adsorbent from Jeriva coconut (a fruit native to the Atlantic Forest) was developed through thermal and chemical activation with H3PO4. The characterization of activated carbon using SEM-EDS revealed an irregular and heterogeneous surface, with a surface area of 750 m(2) g(-1), while FTIR indicated the presence of functional groups. The adsorption kinetics was favorable, reaching equilibrium in 80 min, removing more than 99% of the initial concentration (100 mg L-1) of methylene blue; the Avrami model had a better fit to the data. The sorption isotherms performed at four temperatures showed endothermic behavior, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 254.40 mg g(-1), with adjustment to the Sips model. The mechanisms involved in dye adsorption were discussed and elucidated. The adsorbent was tested to remove the color of the real effluent from the textile industry, and the results showed discoloration superior to 93%, meeting international disposal limits. The results confirm the efficiency of the new adsorbent and the possibility of application in the treatment of textile effluents.