Design parameters for fixed bed column of biosorbent developed from Syagrus romanzoffiana for the removal of mono and multicomponent metallic ions

A biosorbent produced from Jeriv <acute accent>a coconut ( Syagrus romanzoffiana ) was utilized for removal of Cd 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions in both single and multi-component systems. Adsorption equilibrium batch tests indicated that the Langmuir model best represented the adsorption of both mono and multi-component metal ions, with the multicomponent adsorption classified as antagonistic. Among the desorbing solvents tested, 0.1 M H 2SO 4 was the most effective, achieving recovery efficiencies of 98.2 % for Cu 2+ , 77.9 % for Zn 2+ , 69.9 % for Cd 2+ , and 29.4 % for Ni 2+ . Continuous system tests were performed with an initial concentration of 25 mg L-1 for each metal in the single-component setup and a total concentration of 100 mg L-1 in the multi-component mixture. To evaluate the biosorbent 's efficiency in adsorbate recovery, 4 cycles of adsorption-desorption were conducted in a fixed-bed column, revealing a gradual decrease in desorption efficiency over successive cycles. The biosorbent desorbed all four metal ions within approximately 40 min. Cu 2+ was the most desorbed ion (193.1 mg L-1 ), followed by Cd 2+ (98.6 mg L-1 ), Zn 2+ (66.2 mg L-1 ), and Ni 2+ (51.7 mg L-1 ). The operational parameters of the fixed-bed column demonstrated good adsorption performance after column regeneration.