The theoretical energy densities of dual-electrolytes rechargeable Li-air batteries using a nonaqueous electrolyte in the anode and an aqueous electrolyte in the cathode are estimated based on the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and the solubility of the discharge product. It is assumed that there is no solid deposition in a cathode during discharge. A number of basic and acidic electrolytes with high solubility of the discharge product are proposed. The theoretical energy densities of these rechargeable Li-air batteries vary from 140 to over 1100 Wh/kg depending on the type of the electrolytes in a cathode. A few structures of Li-air flow battery systems for possible large scale applications are also proposed. (C) 2010 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3515330] All rights reserved.
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
He, Hui
Niu, Wei
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
Niu, Wei
Asl, Nina Mahootcheian
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
Asl, Nina Mahootcheian
Salim, Jason
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
Salim, Jason
Chen, Rongrong
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
Chen, Rongrong
Kim, Youngsik
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Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USAIndiana Univ Purdue Univ, Richard G Lugar Ctr Renewable Energy, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, JapanToyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan
Mizuno, Fuminori
Nakanishi, Shinji
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Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, JapanToyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan
Nakanishi, Shinji
Kotani, Yukinari
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Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, JapanToyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan
Kotani, Yukinari
Yokoishi, Shoji
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Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, JapanToyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan
Yokoishi, Shoji
Iba, Hideki
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Toyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, JapanToyota Motor Co Ltd, Battery Res Div, Higashifuji Tech Ctr, Shizuoka 4101193, Japan
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Shao, Yuyan
Ding, Fei
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Tianjin Inst Power Sources, Natl Key Lab Power Sources, Tianjin 300381, Peoples R ChinaPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Ding, Fei
Xiao, Jie
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Xiao, Jie
Zhang, Jian
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Zhang, Jian
Xu, Wu
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Xu, Wu
Park, Sehkyu
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Park, Sehkyu
Zhang, Ji-Guang
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Zhang, Ji-Guang
Wang, Yong
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Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Washington State Univ, Gene & Linda Voiland Sch Chem Engn & Bioengn, Pullman, WA 99164 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA
Wang, Yong
Liu, Jun
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