A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR USING GEOSPATIAL BIG DATA FOR WEB MAPPING

In cartography, the term "Big Data" (BD) has been started to use in the last decade. The recent development of GIS and web technologies have expanded and empowered cartography by providing actual, steadily growing and complex data and information, increasing the spatial and thematic accuracy of the contemporary maps. The primary purpose of the cartographic approach is to maximize the value of a user-oriented map rendering of the web map content. Based on this approach and taking into account the technological advances, the authors describe which part of BD can be utilized for new mapping products and services. A conceptual framework encompassed several stages of multi-source data handling, separate stages of data management and data analytics, as well as data transformations from the real world into the map is described following the web-map creation process. The potential to use commercial web GIS platforms and free and open-source software solutions for Web mapping (WM) are discussed. The challenges that faced the modern cartography for creating better and cheaper cartographical multi-dimensional and multi-layered map products for less time on different map scales are shortly outlined. Some examples of good and imperfect web map productions are shown in the context of BD visualization. Existing obstacles in the automatisation process of map production, more in-depth understanding of the visualized map content adding Virtual Reality / Augmented Reality (VR / AR), usage of cloud technologies and supercomputers with software platforms for map creation are also recognized.