The experience of upper-limb dysfunction after stroke: a phenomenological study

Background: Stroke can bring about a profound disruption to people's lives, but what is less understood is the effect that specific dysfunctions can have. The aim of this study was to explore stroke survivors' experiences of upper-limb dysfunction over time. Methods: 13 adult stroke survivors engaged in a series of up to four semi-structured interviews over an 18-month period after stroke. Data were interpreted through a method based on framework analysis. An interpretive phenomenological approach guided the research. Results: Upper-limb dysfunction brought substantial challenges for people, identified in a main theme of an altered way of life. Subordinate themes that contributed to this alteration were challenges in personal care, participating in meaningful and valued activities, and managing life roles and relationships. The second main theme was the disrupted self, with subordinate themes of feeling devalued, disrupted self-image and changes in identity. Conclusion: The impact of upper-limb dysfunction on people's lives after stroke should be understood and acknowledged by rehabilitation professionals. Restoring some functional upper-limb activity could play an important role in enabling a person to regain a meaningful life and a coherent sense of self after stroke.