X-ray Microspectroscopy and Ptychography on Nanoscale Structures in Rock Varnish

被引:3
|
作者
Foerster, Jan-David [3 ,8 ]
Bykova, Iuliia [1 ,2 ]
Macholdt, Dorothea S. [3 ,4 ]
Jochum, Klaus Peter [3 ,4 ]
Kappl, Michael [5 ]
Kilcoyne, A. L. David [6 ]
Mueller, Maren [6 ]
Sorowka, Antje [7 ]
Weber, Bettina [8 ,9 ]
Weigand, Markus [10 ]
Schuetz, Gisela [1 ]
Andreae, Meinrat O. [3 ,11 ,12 ]
Poehlker, Christopher [3 ,8 ]
机构
[1] MPI Intelligent Syst, Modern Magnet Syst Dept, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
[2] Paul Scherrer Inst, Photon Sci Div, Lab Micro & Nanotechnol, Villigen, Switzerland
[3] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
[4] Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
[5] Max Planck Inst Polymer Res, Phys Interfaces Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
[6] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[7] Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
[8] Max Planck Inst MPI Chem, Multiphase Chem Dept, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
[9] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Biol, Div Plant Sci, Graz, Austria
[10] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Inst Nanospect, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
[11] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
[12] King Saud Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
来源
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C | 2021年 / 125卷 / 41期
关键词
DESERT VARNISH; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; NEGEV DESERT; RESOLUTION; SPECTROMICROSCOPY; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; DRYLANDS; ORIGIN; PLEISTOCENE;
D O I
10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03600
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
X-ray microspectroscopy is a powerful analytical method in geoscientific and environmental research as it provides a unique combination of nanoscale imaging with high spectroscopic sensitivity at relatively low beam-related sample damage. In this study, "classical" scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) with X-ray absorption spectroscopy and the recently established soft X-ray ptychography are applied to the analysis of selected rock varnish samples from urban and arid desert environments. X-ray ptychography enhances the spatial resolution relative to STXM by up to 1 order of magnitude. With its high chemical sensitivity, it can resolve nanoscale differences in valence states of the key varnish elements manganese (Mn) and iron. Our results emphasize the complex nanoarchitecture of rock varnish as well as the diverse mineralogy of the Mn oxy-hydroxide matrix and its embedded dust grains. In contrast to the fast-growing urban varnish, the slow-growing arid desert varnish revealed a remarkable nanoscale stratification of alternating Mn valence states, providing hints on the layer-wise and still enigmatic growth process.
引用
收藏
页码:22684 / 22697
页数:14
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