Examining exclusive breastfeeding in Iranian mothers using the five-factor model of personality traits

Objectives: The initiation of exclusive breastfeeding and its continuation plays a vital role in maternal and child health. This study investigates the prediction of exclusive breastfeeding in Iranian mothers using the five-factor model. Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted using cluster random sampling. and 120 mothers with children aged 6 to 12 months, referred to health centres of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Valfagr and Enghelab in Iran, participated in this crosssectional study. The participants were requested to fill 3 questionnaire containing demographic questionnaire, the exclusive breastfeeding scale, and the Big Five factors (BFF) questionnaire of personality traits. The data were collected between May and December 2019 and analysed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The results showed that the agreeableness trait had the highest score (mean score = 16.13, SD = 2.10) and the neuroticism trait had the lowest score (mean score = 12.13, SD = 2.68). The main results indicated a significant relationship between the extraversion trait and exclusive breastfeeding (r = 0.36, p < 0.01). In the regression analysis, the results were indicative of the positive prediction of exclusive breastfeeding for the extraversion (p < 0.01, beta = 0.43) and the conscientiousness traits (p < 0.05, beta = 0.18). Conclusions: Personality traits may potentially affect exclusive breastfeeding and could be a useful tool in reducing impediments to exclusive breastfeeding and in identifying mothers who need more mental support.