Effect of self-selection of the attentional focus during a postural control task learning

The main aim of this study is to analyse the impact of the self-selection of the focus of attention on the learning of a motor task. Forty participants were divided into four groups according to focus of attention (focused on motor or cognitive tasks) and focus selection (self-selection or imposition). All subjects performed a pre-test, practice, post-test, and retention (24 hours later). During tests, participants performed the postural task on a balance platform with instability in the medio-lateral direction. However, during practices they all carried out the same postural task, together with a backward span digit test. The group which focused on the cognitive task (imposed) showed improvements in all variables at retention. As a conclusion, imposing the focus of attention in cognitive tasks favours motor learning.