Co-operative traffic solutions for hybrid communication environments

Through communication between vehicles and infrastructure, vehicles can receive real-time warnings on incidents and dangerous situations, and can send own sensor data and observed incident information to other road users. Information between vehicles and infrastructures can be exchanged either using ITS-G5 or cellular communications. This paper describes how a fog vision sensor has been developed and deployed for warning drivers about adverse road weather conditions. A hardware-in-the-loop driving simulator has been utilized to test the transmission of vehicle data. Performance measurements of the communication between vehicles and infrastructure have been made for both ITS-G5 and LTE. LTE and the future 5G will provide lower latency, and hence may become the preferred solution especially for road side unit to vehicle communications. Providing seamless connectivity between different network technologies, a mobile IP based solution is utilized with Quality-of-Service (QoS) assisted handovers. Real-time QoS measurements with fast handovers enable the system to react rapidly to changing circumstances. Our solution can exploit multiple networks and prioritize them by quantities such as preference, signal strength and geotagged formerly measured link quality. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.